Chapter 1:Basics
HTML stands for hyper text markup language.It provides a means to describe the structure of text-based information in a document by denoting certain text as headings, paragraphs, lists etc and to supplement that text with interactive forms, embedded images, and other objects .
Let me show you an example what the html page contains.
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC “-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN” “http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd”>
<html xmlns=”http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml”>
<head>
<meta http-equiv=”Content-Type” content=”text/html; charset=iso-8859-1″ />
<title>abc</title>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
Let me clear what is written above.
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC “-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN” .there are four parts:
- DOCTYPE
this tells the browser that this tag is a Document Type Declaration - HTML
the name of the DTD - PUBLIC
the DTD is available publicly - -//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN
the actual DTD used for the document, in this case XHTML 1.0 Transitional in English.
There can be more than one DTD’s
http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd
The above url will give you the list of tags and their atributes which you can use in your html .If you want to see the list,just copy the url in the browser .
html xmlns=”http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml” .This lines shows the start of html tag and the type of xml version which is used in the page.
Then there is starting of head tag in which your meta things are there .the crawler reads the meta things.then the head is closed.
Then there is title tag which is basically used for giving title to the page and offcourse there is closing of title tag and closing of head tag too.
The most important thing which comes is the body tag which contains your data which is displayed in the browser.The body tag is closed.
After the closing of body tag there is closing of html tag.
The page is to be saved by using html or htm extensions.One important thing i would like to tell that use all the tags in lowercase.
